How to Train Your Dog to Alert You of Intruders
What is an intruder and why should you care?
An intruder is someone who enters a place or situation without permission or authorization, usually with malicious intent. Intruders can pose a serious threat to your home security, privacy, safety, and property. They can steal your valuables, damage your belongings, harm you or your family members, or compromise your personal or financial information.
According to statistics from the FBI , there were an estimated 1.4 million burglaries in the United States in 2019 , resulting in $3 billion in property losses . Moreover, about 28% of burglaries occurred when someone was at home , which increases the risk of violence or injury.
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Therefore, it is essential to take proactive measures to prevent intruders from entering your home or detecting them as soon as possible if they do. In this article, we will discuss the different types of intruders and how to detect them using intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS) and intruder alarm systems. We will also provide some best practices for choosing and installing these systems to enhance your home security.
Types of intruders and how to detect them
Intruders can be classified into three main categories based on their identity, access, and motivation: masquerader, misfeasor, and clandestine user.
Masquerader
A masquerader is an external user who is not authorized to use a system but tries to gain access by using stolen or spoofed credentials. For example, a hacker who uses a phishing email to obtain your username and password, or a thief who uses a fake ID to enter your building. Masqueraders are usually motivated by financial gain, curiosity, or revenge.
To detect masqueraders, you need to use strong authentication methods such as passwords, biometrics, or tokens. You also need to monitor your system logs and network traffic for any unusual or unauthorized activity. If you suspect that your credentials have been compromised, you should change them immediately and report the incident to the appropriate authorities.
Misfeasor
A misfeasor is an authorized user who misuses their access and privileges to perform unauthorized actions or access confidential data. For example, an employee who copies sensitive customer information to a USB drive, or a contractor who installs malware on your computer. Misfeasors are usually motivated by personal gain, curiosity, or sabotage.
To detect misfeasors, you need to use access control mechanisms such as permissions, roles, or encryption. You also need to audit your system records and data for any changes or anomalies. If you find any evidence of misuse, you should revoke the user's access and report the incident to the appropriate authorities.
Clandestine user
A clandestine user is a user who has administrative or supervisory control over a system and abuses their power to bypass security measures or conceal their activities. For example, a system administrator who disables the firewall or deletes the log files, or a supervisor who covers up a security breach. Clandestine users are usually motivated by ego, power, or espionage.
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To detect clandestine users, you need to use separation of duties and checks and balances to limit the authority and influence of any single user. You also need to use independent auditing and verification tools to monitor and validate the system performance and integrity. If you discover any signs of tampering or manipulation, you should investigate the source and report the incident to the appropriate authorities.
Intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS)
An intrusion detection and prevention system (IDS/IPS) is a software or hardware device that monitors network or system activity for known threats, suspicious or malicious activity, or policy violations. An IDS/IPS can alert you of intrusions by sending notifications, logging events, or displaying messages. An IDS/IPS can also prevent intrusions by blocking traffic, terminating connections, or taking other actions.
The main difference between an IDS and an IPS is that an IDS is passive and reactive, while an IPS is active and proactive. An IDS only detects intrusions after they occur and does not interfere with the network or system operation. An IPS detects intrusions before they occur and takes preventive measures to stop them. Types of IDS/IPS and their advantages and disadvantages
There are different types of IDS/IPS that can be classified based on the location, method, or scope of detection and prevention. Here are some of the common types and their advantages and disadvantages:
Network-based IDS/IPS (NIDS/NIPS): These are devices that are placed on strategic points of the network, such as routers, switches, or firewalls, and monitor the traffic that passes through them. They can detect and prevent attacks that target the network infrastructure or multiple hosts. However, they may not be able to inspect encrypted or tunneled traffic, or handle high-volume or fragmented traffic.
Host-based IDS/IPS (HIDS/HIPS): These are software agents that are installed on individual hosts, such as servers, workstations, or mobile devices, and monitor the activity that occurs on them. They can detect and prevent attacks that target specific applications or processes, or exploit host vulnerabilities. However, they may consume host resources, interfere with host performance, or be disabled by malware.
Signature-based IDS/IPS: These are systems that use predefined patterns or rules to identify known attacks or malicious behavior. They can provide accurate and fast detection and prevention of common and widespread threats. However, they may not be able to detect new or unknown attacks, or generate false positives or negatives due to outdated or incorrect signatures.
Anomaly-based IDS/IPS: These are systems that use machine learning or statistical analysis to establish a baseline of normal behavior and detect deviations from it. They can provide adaptive and proactive detection and prevention of novel or emerging threats. However, they may require extensive training and tuning, or generate false positives due to legitimate changes in behavior.
Reputation-based IDS/IPS: These are systems that use external sources of information, such as blacklists, whitelists, or reputation scores, to evaluate the trustworthiness or risk level of network entities, such as IP addresses, domains, or URLs. They can provide dynamic and collaborative detection and prevention of malicious sources or destinations. However, they may depend on the availability and reliability of the external sources, or be manipulated by spoofing or poisoning techniques.
Best practices for choosing and deploying an IDS/IPS
Choosing and deploying an IDS/IPS solution can be a complex and challenging task that requires careful planning and evaluation. Here are some best practices to help you make the right decision and implement it effectively:
Assess your security needs and goals: Before you start looking for an IDS/IPS solution, you should identify your security objectives, such as what assets you want to protect, what threats you want to prevent, what level of security you want to achieve, and what budget and resources you have available.
Compare different types and features of IDS/IPS: Based on your security needs and goals, you should compare the advantages and disadvantages of different types and features of IDS/IPS solutions, such as network-based vs. host-based, signature-based vs. anomaly-based vs. reputation-based, passive vs. active, etc. You should also consider the compatibility, scalability, performanc
